Botanical
gardens are sufficiently large sized tracts where plants of different types and
areas are grown for scientific and educational purposes. The first real
botanical garden was developed by Theophrastus. Of course, gardens were part of
Indian, Chinese and Roman cultures. Hanging Gardens of Babylon were considered
to be wonders of ancient times. Modern day botanical gardens contain besides
out door plants green houses, Library, research Laboratory and herbarium with
documented collection of various taxo. There is an International Association of
Botanical Gardens which coordinates research and exchange of plants materials.
The important functions of botanical
gardens are Growing important plant of local flora. Keeping record of local
flora. Providing living plant material for systematic work. Supplying seeds and
material for different aspects of botanical research. Growing and maintaining
rare and endangered plants.
Establishment of modern botanical gardens
began in 16th century Pisa Italy, Padua Gardens, Italy, Jrdin de
Jussiru, France and Leiden, Netheland. Some major botanical gardens of the
world are
1.
Main
Botanical Garden, Moscow. Largest garden, spread over an area of 900 acres.
2. Bundes Garden, Vienna. It is spread
over an area of 400 acres.
3. Royal Botanical Garden Kew. It has an
area of 300 acres but grows a vey large number of plants.
4.
Kebun
Raya Bogor, Java. Spread over an area of 200 acres. The garden has a section with virgin rain forest.
5.
Arnold
Arboretum, Boston. It support a very large number of bonsai tree and green
houses.
6.
Indian
Botanical Garden Sibpur, Kolkata. It is the largest botanical garden of
Asia spread over an area of 273 acres which is famous for its Great Banyan tree
Palm house, Succulent plants, Indian grasses, Water lilies, etc.
7.
Lloyd
Botanical Garden, Darjeeling. Occupying an area of only 40 acres, the
garden has a large number of terrestrial and epiphytic orchids, a large number
of conifers, cycads, ferns and alpine plants.
8. National Botanical Garden, Lucknow. The
garden has an area of 70 acres. It grows a large number of diverse plants.
Ferns medicinal plants, cacti and ornamentals. The garden has laboratories of
different fields of botanical research
Two famous botanical gardens of South are Botanical Garden,
Ootacumand and Lalbag Gardens, Bangalore
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